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There are plenty of candle-flicker LED projects out there, but I was looking for one that had a few additional properties: The thing I created uses an ATTiny85 to generate a binomial distribution of random numbers that are then fed to a PWM output that drives the LED intensity. The LED is the Adafruit Sequin LED that is compact and comes with its own resistor for ease of use. I've added a light sensitive resistor that is connected to one of the analog inputs of the MCU, which triggers a change in the LED flickering when someone moves their hand over the object. As an added bonus I connect the battery back (in the base) to the electronics (in the cap) through some copper tape along the inside of the candle, so it is possible to switch the thing on and off just by twisting the top. I've made a video of the final thing in action and one more video that shows how the LED candles behave compared to a real tealight candle.I realized when writing these instructions that there are a lot of little parts that make up what is really a simple design. In order to make this page tractable, I need to assume that you know how to program the ATTiny85. I have written a blog entry on my website describing how to do this with a Raspberry Pi. (Sort of, that is for the ATMega328p; I have the required modifications for the ATTiny in draft form.) I provide step by step instructions for the electronics build, because not many of us (myself included) are accustomed to building electronics in the absence of a protoboard. *Most items were purchased either from Adafruit or Newark. Some were sitting around my house. The copper tape is from Electron Microscopy Sciences but I've seen it on Amazon. You can find the MCU code for this project on my github page. I have included a makefile and shell script used to compile and burn the software using the Raspberry Pi. In order to keep this set of instructions from getting longer than it already is, I'll post more detailed instructions in the README file on the github page. Hey, this is my first build! I purchased a MakerFarm kit in June of 2015 (and published this in mid July of the same year) and have been building and playing with my new toy since. I'm fairly confident that this is a build that beginners can do, since I'm a beginner and I just built it. Because we will be soldering into the 3D printed object, using ABS is highly recommended. I used filament that changes color with temperatures, and it was fairly obvious that the plastic was getting warm. If you're quick and efficient with your soldering technique, you might be able to get away with PLA. Printed the objects on a 8" i3v Prusa. While I provide an .STL with all of the objects on one platter, I printed them individually due to some thermal gradients on my heated bed that lead to warping. The cap does not require support material, although you'll have to scrape away the edges to make the LED sequin and photocell fit snugly. It is possible to combine the base and battery pack into one unit, although I found that this approach, while elegant, made it hard to solder the battery pack connectors.

Flickering LED Tealight Candle
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Flickering LED Tealight Candle
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