American Tire Markings:
There are two different markings for American tires. The first one is very similar to the European one, only the letters "P" (Passanger - for passenger car) or "LT" (Light Truck) are put in front of the size. For example: P <a href="https://tiresap.com/225-65r17-tires/">225 65r17 all season tires</a> or LT <a href="https://tiresap.com/225-65r17-tires/">225/65/17</a>. And other car tire markings that are fundamentally different from the European ones.

For example: 31x10.5 R15 (corresponding to the European size 265/75 R15)

31 is the outer diameter of the tire in inches.
10.5 - tire width in inches.
R - tire of radial construction (older models of tires were of diagonal construction).
15 - inside diameter of the tire in inches.

Generally speaking, if we do not count the unusual inch, the American tire designation is logical and more understandable, unlike the European, where the tire section height is unstable and depends on the tire width. Here everything is simple with deciphering: the first digit of the size is outer diameter, the second - width, the third - inner diameter.

Additional information is indicated in the marking on the sidewall of the tire:
XL or Extra Load is a reinforced tire with a load index that is three units higher than that of a standard tire of the same size. In other words, if a tire bears a 91 load index with XL or Extra Load symbol, it means that with this index, the tire can carry a maximum load of 670 kg instead of 615 kg (consult the table of tire load indexes).

M+S or tire marking M&S (Mud + Snow) means mud plus snow and indicates that the tires are all-season or winter tires. Many summer off-road tires bear the M&S designation. However, they cannot be used in winter, because winter tires have a completely different composition of rubber and tread pattern, and the M&S mark indicates the tire's good off-road performance.

All Season or AS all-season tires. Aw (Any Weather) - Any kind of weather.

* (snowflake) icon - the tire is designed for use in harsh winter conditions. If you do not see this symbol on the tire sidewall, the tire is intended for use in summer conditions only.

Aquatred, Aquacontact, Rain, Water, Aqua, or pictogram (umbrella) - special rain tires.

Outside and Inside; asymmetric tires, i.e. it is important not to confuse which side is outside and which is inside. When fitted, the Outside label must be on the outside of the car and the Inside label on the inside.

RSC (RunFlat System Component) - RunFlat tires are tires that allow you to continue driving your car at a maximum speed of 80 km/h if the tire is completely deflated (punctured or cut). On these tires, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, you can drive from 50 to 150 km. Different tire manufacturers use different designations for RSC technology. For example: Bridgestone RFT, Continental SSR, Goodyear RunOnFlat, Nokian Run Flat, Michelin ZP, etc.

Rotation or arrow this marking on the tire sidewall indicates a directional tire. When mounting the tire, the direction of rotation of the wheel indicated by the arrow should be strictly observed.

Tubeless is a tubeless tire. If not labeled Tubeless, the tire may only be used with a tube. Tube Type - indicates that this tire must be used with a tube only.

Max Pressure; the maximum tire pressure allowed. Max Load - the maximum permitted load on each wheel of a vehicle, in kg.

Reinforced" and the letters RF in the size unit (for instance 195/70 R15RF) mean the tire is reinforced (6 layers). The letter C at the end of the size range (for example 195/70 R15C) denotes a truck tire (8 layers).

Radial: This marking on the tyre in the size designation indicates that it is a radial construction tyre. Steel tires have a metal cord.

E (circled) denotes that the tire conforms to ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) requirements. DOT (Department of Transportation) - an American quality standard.

Temperature A, B, or C - the temperature resistance of a tire at high speeds on a test bench (A is the best indicator).

Traction A, B, or C - the braking ability of a tire on a wet road surface.

Treadwear; relative expected mileage compared to the U.S. special standard test.

TWI (Tread Wear Indication) - Tire tread wear indicators. The TWI wheel markings may also be with an arrow. The indicators are located evenly in eight or six places around the circumference of the tire and show the minimum allowable tread depth. The wear indicator is in the form of a 1.6 mm high protrusion (minimum tread depth for lightweight vehicles) and is located in a tread recess (usually in the drainage grooves).

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